Category: Safety & Scam Awareness

Practical protection from AI-enabled scams, misinformation, privacy risks, and online fraud.

  • How to Recognize AI-Generated Scams (Before They Cost You)

    Artificial intelligence can make a scam sound polished, personal, and frighteningly believable. A familiar voice, a convincing video, or perfect grammar is no longer proof that a message is genuine. The safest response is to slow down and verify through a separate channel.

    If a message demands money or secrecy

    • Stop. Do not pay or click.
    • Call the person or organization using a number you already trust.
    • Tell a family member or trusted person what happened.
    • Never provide a password, PIN, verification code, or gift-card number.
    • Report suspected fraud to the appropriate authority.

    Why AI scams feel different

    Older scam emails often contained obvious spelling errors or strange wording. AI can now produce professional-looking messages in seconds. Criminals can also use publicly available photographs, personal details, and short audio clips to imitate someone you know.

    The FBI’s 2025 Internet Crime Complaint Center report recorded 22,364 complaints involving AI-related information and nearly $893 million in reported losses. Those figures cover many fraud types, not only schemes targeting older adults, but they show that AI-enabled fraud is no longer rare or theoretical.

    Six common warning signs

    1. Sudden urgency

    The caller says someone has been arrested, injured, kidnapped, locked out, or placed in immediate danger. The goal is to prevent you from pausing long enough to verify the story.

    2. A demand for secrecy

    You may be told not to contact another relative, your bank, the police, or a company’s normal customer-service department. Legitimate emergencies do not require you to hide the situation from everyone you trust.

    3. An unusual payment method

    Gift cards, cryptocurrency, wire transfers, cash couriers, and payment-app transfers are common warning signs. Government agencies and legitimate businesses do not demand gift-card numbers as payment.

    4. A request for a verification code

    A one-time code is a key to your account. Anyone who asks you to read it aloud or send it by text may be trying to take over that account.

    5. A slightly wrong address or link

    Scammers alter letters, punctuation, and domain names to create convincing copies. Do not use the phone number or link in the suspicious message. Open the company’s official app or type its known address yourself.

    6. Pressure to install software or allow remote access

    A fake support representative may claim your computer, bank account, or shopping account has a serious problem. Do not install software or give a stranger remote control of your device.

    The family verification plan

    Create the plan before an emergency call happens:

    1. Choose a family verification word or question that is not posted online.
    2. Write down trusted phone numbers outside your phone.
    3. Agree that financial emergencies will be verified with a second person.
    4. Give everyone permission to hang up and call back.

    A secret word is not perfect, but it introduces a pause and a second test. Do not use a pet name, birthday, school, or other answer visible on social media.

    What to say during a suspicious call

    I do not make payments or share information during incoming calls. I will contact the person or organization directly using a number I already have.

    You do not owe the caller an explanation. Hang up, block the number, and verify independently.

    If you already responded

    • Contact your bank, credit-card company, payment service, or gift-card issuer immediately.
    • Change any exposed password and turn on two-factor authentication.
    • Contact the real company through its official website or app.
    • Report fraud at ReportFraud.ftc.gov.
    • For internet-enabled crime, you can also report to the FBI at IC3.gov.

    Frequently asked questions

    Can I trust a video call?

    Not by itself. AI-generated or manipulated video can be used to support fraud. Verify the request through a separate number or channel.

    Can caller ID prove who called?

    No. Caller ID information can be spoofed. Use a number you already know rather than calling back from the suspicious message.

    Sources and further reading

    Sources checked July 26, 2026. General scam-prevention education; not legal or financial advice.

  • How to Tell Whether Online Health Information Is Trustworthy

    A polished website or confident social-media post can still contain weak, outdated, or misleading health advice. Before you act on something you read online, use this short credibility check.

    The five-minute trust check

    1. Who is behind it? Look for a named organization, an About page, contact information, and qualified reviewers. A scientific-sounding name is not proof.
    2. Why was it published? Education, advertising, fundraising, and product sales are different purposes. A sales link does not automatically make information false, but it gives you a reason to look more closely.
    3. What evidence is shown? Strong articles link to original research, government health agencies, medical organizations, or clearly identified experts. “Studies show” without a source is a warning sign.
    4. When was it reviewed? Health guidance changes. Look for a published or reviewed date, especially for medications, screening, treatments, and fast-changing outbreaks.
    5. Is the language balanced? Be cautious with miracle cures, secret fixes, guaranteed results, emotional pressure, and claims that one product works for everyone.

    Separate information from a decision

    Online information can help you learn the vocabulary, understand common options, and prepare questions. It should not decide whether you start, stop, or change a medicine or treatment. Your medical history, other medications, test results, and personal risks matter.

    If a claim would change what you do, take it to a qualified healthcare professional or pharmacist. A useful question is: “I found this claim online. Does it apply to me, and what evidence should I consider?”

    Use AI as an organizer—not an authority

    An AI chatbot can summarize an article, explain unfamiliar terms, or turn your concerns into a question list. It can also invent facts, omit exceptions, or sound certain when it is wrong.

    A safer prompt is:

    Help me evaluate this health article. Identify who published it, what evidence it cites, when it was updated, any product it sells, and questions I should ask a healthcare professional. Do not diagnose me or recommend treatment.

    Then verify the answer by opening the sources yourself. Do not paste identifying medical records, insurance numbers, account credentials, or other sensitive details into a general-purpose chatbot.

    Good places to begin


    Educational information only. This article does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For personal health decisions, consult a qualified healthcare professional.

  • Seven Things You Should Never Share With an AI Chatbot

    AI chatbots can be useful for writing, planning, and learning. But a chatbot is not a private diary, a bank vault, or your doctor’s secure patient portal. A simple rule protects you: share the minimum information needed for the task.

    Never paste these seven things

    1. Passwords, PINs, or one-time verification codes. No legitimate helper needs them to explain a problem.
    2. Social Security, Medicare, passport, or driver’s-license numbers. These identifiers can be used for identity theft.
    3. Bank, credit-card, investment, or tax-account details. Remove account numbers, routing numbers, balances tied to your identity, and login information.
    4. Complete medical records with identifying details. If you need help organizing questions, use a general description and remove your name, birth date, record number, address, and insurance information.
    5. Private legal documents or security answers. Wills, contracts, signatures, case files, and answers such as a mother’s maiden name deserve professional, secure handling.
    6. Another person’s confidential information. A family member’s diagnosis, finances, address, or private story is not yours to upload without permission.
    7. Anything you would be seriously harmed to see exposed. This includes intimate photos, unreleased business information, and precise details of when your home will be empty.

    Replace details with placeholders

    You can often get the same help without identifying yourself. Replace real details with labels:

    • “[Medication A]” instead of the full prescription label and patient number
    • “a family member in their 60s” instead of a name and birth date
    • “a monthly expense of about $500” instead of an account statement
    • “my local clinic” instead of a full address and appointment confirmation

    Know what privacy controls can—and cannot—do

    Privacy settings differ by service and can change. In ChatGPT, for example, Data Controls can turn off use of new consumer conversations for model improvement. Temporary Chat does not appear in history, does not create memories, and is not used for training; OpenAI says Temporary Chats are deleted from its systems after 30 days, subject to stated safety, security, or legal exceptions.

    Those controls reduce exposure, but they are not permission to paste secrets. The safest habit is still to remove sensitive details before you begin.

    A safer way to ask

    I need a general checklist for preparing questions about a new medication. Do not diagnose me. Do not ask for my name, birth date, medical-record number, insurance information, or account credentials.

    Sources and privacy help

    Product settings and retention practices can change. Check the service’s current privacy documentation before sharing information.